Pyrolysis kinetics of keyboard plastic waste using thermogravimetric analyser to assess its energy potential
Abstract
In this paper, the kinetic parameters of discarded computer keyboard plastic waste are estimated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) with four different non-isothermal kinetic models at a wide range of heating rates 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, 60 and 100 °C/min. The gross calorific value of waste computer keyboard plastic is 38.96 MJ/Kg. FT-IR analysis confirms the presence of alcohol, phenol, ether, ester, carboxylic acid, aromatic, and alkene compounds in keyboard plastic waste. The average values of activation energy are calculated as 158.1668, 198.883, 193.612, and 197.765 kJmol−1 from Kissinger, Friedman, FWO, and Coats-Redfern methods, respectively. The kinetic data obtained in this work would be useful for accurate prediction of reaction behaviour and in the design of efficient commercial process for the conversion of such plastic wastes to energy.
Keyword : pyrolysis, keyboard plastic waste, thermogravimetric analysis, kinetic study, activation energy
How to Cite
Panda, A. K., Patnaik, S., & Kumar, S. (2022). Pyrolysis kinetics of keyboard plastic waste using thermogravimetric analyser to assess its energy potential. Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management, 30(2), 259-267. https://doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2022.16742
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
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Boonchom, B., & Puttawong, S. (2010). Thermodynamics and kinetics of the dehydration reaction of FePO4 2H2O. Physica B: Condensed Matter, 405(9), 2350–2355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2010.02.046
Boonchom, B., & Thongkam, M. (2010). Kinetics and thermodynamics of the formation of MnFeP4O12. Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data, 55, 211–216. https://doi.org/10.1021/je900310m
Coats, A. W., & Redfern, J. P. (1964). Kinetic parameters from thermogravimetric data. Nature, 201, 68–69. https://doi.org/10.1038/201068a0
Das, P., & Tiwari, P. (2017). Thermal degradation kinetics of plastics and model selection. Thermochimica Acta, 654, 191–202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2017.06.001
Day, M., Coone, J. D., & MacKinnon, M. (1995). Degradation of contaminated plastics: a kinetic study. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 48, 341–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-3910(95)00088-4
Heydari, M., Rahman, M., & Gupta, R. (2015). Kinetic study and thermal decomposition behavior of lignite coal. International Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2015, 481739. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/481739
Jing, S., Wenlong, W., Zhen, L., Qingluan, M., Chao, Z., & Chunyuan, M. (2012). Kinetic study of the pyrolysis of waste printed circuit boards subject to conventional and microwave heating. Energies, 5, 3295–3306. https://doi.org/10.3390/en5093295
Kayacan, I., & Doğan, Ö. M. (2008). Pyrolysis of low and high density polyethylene. Part I: Non-isothermal pyrolysis kinetics. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 30(5), 385–391. https://doi.org/10.1080/15567030701457079
Kumar, S., & Singh, R. K. (2014). Pyrolysis kinetics of waste high-density polyethylene using thermogravimetric analysis. International Journal of ChemTech Research, 6, 131–137.
Liou, T. H. (2003). Pyrolysis kinetics of electronic packaging material in a nitrogen atmosphere. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 103, 107–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3894(03)00244-9
Panda, A. K., Singh, R. K., & Mishra, D. K. (2010). Thermolysis of waste plastics to liquid fuel: A suitable method for plastic waste management and manufacture of value added products – A world prospective. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14(1), 233–248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2009.07.005
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Petrović, Z. S., & Zavargo, Z. Z. (1986). Reliability of methods for determination of kinetic parameters from thermogravimetric and DSC measurements. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 32, 4353–4367. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.1986.070320406
Quan, C., Li, A., & Gao, N. (2013). Combustion and pyrolysis of electronic waste: Thermogravimetric analysis and kinetic model. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 18, 776–782. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2013.04.104
Ramesh, V., Biswal, M., Mohanty, S., & Nayak, S. K. (2014). Recycling of engineering plastics from waste electrical and electronic equipments: Influence of virgin polycarbonate and impact modifier on the final performance of blends. Waste Management & Research, 32(5), 379–388. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X14528404
Saha, B., & Ghoshal, A. K. (2005). Thermal degradation kinetics of poly (ethylene terephthalate) from waste soft drinks bottles. Chemical Engineering Journal, 111(1), 39–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2005.04.018
Shenoy, J. (2018, June 4). India among the top five countries in e-waste generation: ASSOCHAM-NEC study. The Times of India. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/india-among-the-top-five-countries-in-e-waste-generation-assocham-nec-study/articleshow/64448208.cms
TCO Certified. (2015, May 25). Global E-waste reaches record high, says new UN Report. https://tcocertified.com/news/global-e-waste-reaches-record-high-says-new-un-report
Turmanova, S. C., Genieva, S. D., Dimitrova, A. S., & Vlaev, L. T. (2008). Non-isothernal degradation kinetics of filled with rice husk ash polypropene composites. eXPRESS Polymer Letters, 2, 133–146. https://doi.org/10.3144/expresspolymlett.2008.18
Vlaev, L., Nedelchev, N., Gyurova, K., & Zagorcheva, M. (2008). A comparative study of non-isothermal kinetics of decomposition of calcium oxalate monohydrate. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 81, 253–262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2007.12.003
Wikipedia. (2017, April 25). Electronic waste in India. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_waste_in_India
Yao, Z., Yu, S., Su, W., Wu, W., Tang, J., & Qi, W. (2020). Kinetic studies on the pyrolysis of plastic waste using a combination of model-fitting and model-free methods. Waste Management and Research, 38(1), 77–85. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X19897814